Your daughter cries easily and won't do her schoolwork. Your son is withdrawn and sleeps through the weekends. Is this typical for teens, or should you be concerned?

Changing hormones and the stresses of adolescence can cause teens to act sad, grumpy, or anxious at times. But if your child's troubling mood lingers for weeks, the problem could be major depression. Experts estimate that about 5 percent of children between ages 9 and 17 suffer from this serious condition.

The good news is, depression is treatable. And in general, the sooner treatment begins, the better the outcome. So how can you help ensure that your child receives the care that he or she may need? Learning how to recognize depression is a great place to start.

Stay Alert

Too often, parents miss the signs of depression. Or they believe their teen will "snap out of it" eventually. But if left untreated, depression can worsen —and have grave consequences. For example, teens may seek escape by running away, abusing drugs and alcohol, or attempting suicide. That's why it's so important to know the symptoms of depression, such as:

• Feelings of sadness, worthlessness, irritability, or anger
• Loss of interest in favorite activities
• Trouble with relationships
• Changes in eating or sleeping habits
• Frequent unexplained headaches, stomachaches, or tiredness
• Reckless behavior, including substance abuse
• Difficulty concentrating
• Poor school performance

If your child shows some of these symptoms for a few weeks, he or she might be depressed.

Breaking Through

When you approach your child, express your concern with love. Ask about the stresses he or she is facing—and then listen patiently. You may not agree with your child's perspective, but don't argue. Be sympathetic and encouraging.

Together, brainstorm solutions or coping strategies. If he or she continues to seem troubled, the problem could be depression. And this requires professional help.

Treatment Is Key

Tell your child it's important to get an expert's advice. Then make an appointment. Your family doctor can refer you to a mental health specialist who treats adolescents. Assure your child that depression is a real medical condition—and it can be treated.

Most cases respond well to counseling, medication, or both. You may have heard reports that antidepressant medicines increase the risk for suicidal thoughts or behavior in children.

However, the most recent research suggests that the benefits outweigh the risks. Your doctor can help you and your teen sort through the facts and come up with an appropriate treatment plan. Just remember, if your child ever expresses a desire to die—whether or not he or she is taking antidepressants—seek emergency care right away.

In their pain, depressed teens may lash out at their parents. But don't give up. With your help, your son or daughter can take the first steps toward enjoying life again.